Steven Rosenberg
Dr. Steven A. Rosenberg is the Chief of Surgery at the National Cancer Institute in Bethesda, Maryland. He pioneered the development of immunotherapy that has resulted in the first effective immunotherapies for selected patients with advanced cancer. Dr. Rosenberg also pioneered the development of gene therapy and was the first to successfully insert foreign genes into humans and to conduct clinical studies of the gene therapy of cancer. He received his medical degree from Johns Hopkins and his Ph.D. in biophysics from Harvard. After his residency training at Brigham Hospital in Boston, he joined the National Cancer Institute as its Chief of Surgery at age 34, a position he continues to hold today. Dr. Rosenberg is credited with developing the use of IL-2 and immune cells for the treatment of patients with melanoma in a procedure termed adoptive cell transfer. He has shown that expanding immune cells in the lab can be used to treat patients with melanoma. The first published study in 2